Design and 3D model of a Vacuum cleaner ventilator

  • Stato: Closed
  • Premio: $220
  • Proposte ricevute: 20
  • Vincitore: sami3008

Descrizione del concorso

The world needs inexpensive ventilators which can be made quickly. This ideas is to use domestic vacuum cleaners as the air pump and vacuum pump for a ventilator. Look at my ideas and try to improve them for: 1) simplicity of design and use, 2) ease of manufacture (injection moulded parts, common off-the-shelf fan, gears, valves) 3) ability to easily control flow rates and pressures, 4) ease of cleaning and disinfecting.

All of the info about ventilators is online. Here are some sources:
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/coronavirus-covid-19-ventilator-supply-specification/rapidly-manufactured-ventilator-system-specification

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1FNPwrQjB1qW1330s5-S_-VB0vDHajMWKieJRjINCNeE/preview

https://opensource.com/article/20/3/open-hardware-covid19

https://xlung.net/en/mv-manual/basic-modes-of-mechanical-ventilation

http://rc.rcjournal.com/content/56/1/52

Most households have a vacuum cleaner which can be re-purposed as a ventilator. It already has a couple of good filters and the filter bag can be filled with suitable media (cotton wool, HEPA media etc.) This design is completely mechanical and can be strapped onto the vacuum cleaner outlet.

It uses some of the flow from the outlet to spin a fan which rotates a disk valve via some gears. The disk valve alternates between pressure (inhale) and vacuum (exhale.) An additional manually rotatable valve (or two) can be added (next to the fan-powered valve), which can have ports to adjust the timing and/or duration of each breath/exhale cycle. The US atomiser is an ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer as found in inexpensive humidifiers. Some of the exhaust or vacuum air can be vented by manual valves to adjust to the required pressure/vacuum and some of the warm vented air can circulate through the water bath housing to increase evaporation (perhaps passing cellulose or similar evaporative cooling media sheets.)

Since vacuum cleaners have many shapes and sizes of air outlets you need a creative seal which is flexible but can seal to the vacuum. Perhaps a trimmable seal section which can be cut to size/shape and then a foam seal added to be fairly airtight.

A pressure and vacuum gauge should be added and an inlet for oxygen. Do some research, be creative, save some lives, and have something REAL to add to your portfolio!

Competenze consigliate

Feedback del Datore di Lavoro

“Mohamed worked very hard on this and produced excellent results! He communicated well, shared ideas openly with others, quickly implemented suggested improvements, and always responded quickly with a can-do attitude and some good ideas. I will be hiring him again! See his work at https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1d-hkEAJRioBZVUieMt70AU8Ipql6EcUk?usp=sharing”

Immagine del profilo derekrwhite3, Canada.

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  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Ahmad Qhaliff Z. @qhaliffzuber (TIED SECOND)
    Mechanical Engineer, U.K.
    Ahmad entered 8 designs each improving a bit on the last. The final design was very complete including all of the required sections such as vacuum cleaner attachment filter choice and positioning, gear selection and valve stopper, long labyrinth internally, and all required valves. Some work was done on standard components such as fan, pressure safety, and gauges. A peep valve was designed and a somewhat complex valve stop mechanism the model was well drawn with rounded internal corners. Consideration was given to material selection and cost, and he answered questions and made modifications when I asked. His description of his system was basic and no suggestions for future development. Great effort, Thanks!

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Mohamed Samy Mahmoudi (WINNER!)
    @sami3008   Tunisia
    Mechanical Engineer / Product Designer

    Three designs each better than the last. He gave lots of good feedback and shared information in the comments section. His final design was complete and included all suggested improvements but there were no really new ideas. He contributed the most of all participants and his drawings were clear and easy to understand. He chose several standard parts to reduce cost and time to market. He shared a standard gear catalogue with the group and thought about the gear ratios. His description of his system, suggestions for future improvements, and comments on other designs was very comprehensive and well presented. Well done and thank you Mohamed!

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    I will only be able to look at these after 7pm GMT this evening. Please send me your descriptions, improvement ideas, choice of other designs before then.

    • 3 anni fa
    1. resolnz18
      resolnz18
      • 3 anni fa

      1) As per submission - I will clarify though, the suction tube of the vacuum cleaner will attach to the blue (- Flow Input) nozzle. The air would then pass through the vacuum cleaner and associated filters, the exhaust of the vacuum cleaner then attaches to the red (+ Flow input nozzle). 2) Utilises a vacuum cleaner to provide two independently adjustable pressures to ventilate a patient. Main housing can be moulded, air regulators and valves can be sourced in most locations. 3) Eliminate the 2nd fan, work on the details - gearing, sealing (gaskets), adjustability. Essentially make it manufacturable. 4) Entry #20 , has a combination of good ideas and is a little bit outside of the box. Not sure the best way to send you the CAD files, message me direct and I can send them to you.

      • 3 anni fa
  • celmaicosmin
    celmaicosmin
    • 3 anni fa

    https://drive.google.com/open?id=1vUqASL7RA5oookHpL4gLUxdOqQhn2OQW

    • 3 anni fa
  • celmaicosmin
    celmaicosmin
    • 3 anni fa

    Hi Derek. Here is my latest update, I found a way to add some sliding HEPA filter supports. The images with dimensions and the models are here for everyone is interested.

    • 3 anni fa
  • sami3008
    sami3008
    • 3 anni fa

    Hello everyone, here is the link to the tandard gears catalog :
    https://khkgears.net/pdf/ds.pdf

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    If you want to make some changes to the final desin you submit by tomorrow evening that is fine but focus on geometry, flow logic, simplicity, control and safety (not gearing, flow rate/pressure optimisation, sealing, weight, size etc. which will be stage two.) One person asked about having both a bypass valve and a fan flow valve. Since vacuum cleaners flow so much more than the fan requires, we need separate controls since even with the bypass fully open, the fan may be too fast.

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    THANK YOU ALL FOR YOUR GREAT EFFORTS!! I will wait 24 hours to announce the winners. I will award two second prizes of $100 each as well as the main award. The awards will be based on your detailed description of 1) your design and the description of how your system works 2) why it achieves the objectives, 3) how you would change it given some time 4) what other design you liked the most and why. Please send me your descriptions and answers by 6pm GMT tomorrow. I would also appreciate the 3D files or links to them (if you have not already sent them. Next stage will be to refine the best combined design. Thanks, again, Derek

    • 3 anni fa
    1. sami3008
      sami3008
      • 3 anni fa

      Could you please give us your feedback / comments on the latest entries. We still have time to improve the designs

      • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    ALSO TELL ME THE WEIGHT OF THE MAIN HOUSINGS (EXCLUDE THE FAN, GEARS, FILTER.) THIS WILL DETERMINE THE 3D PRINTING COST AND: The weight should be under 1000g, could probably be done for 300-500g. the bottom grid or labyrinth is just to support the standard HEPA filter so maybe just a small ledge around the inside wall and two thin bars across to support it. If the filter is inside the main housing just need to hold it closely and support it. The bottom section can be just to seal onto vacuum outlet or this can be done with a hose and plate.

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    PLEASE SEND A DESCRIPTION OF HOW YOUR DESIGN WORKS, WHICH IDEAS YOU LIKE FROM THE OTHER DESIGNS AND WHY, AND A BRIEF BIO ABOUT YOURSELF TO ME VIA MESSAGES OR TO MY EMAIL DEREKRWHITE A.T YAH00 D0T C0M

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    We need the bypass valve because we don't want to throttle the air through the vacuum for no reason since multiple circulation means we filter the air many times and thus reduce any airborne viral load.

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Mo S., I like your use of thin-walled rounded flow in two parts. With 3D printing it can be hollow and we can even incorporate a water tank in the top half with a needle valve to drip feed water down into the flow if humidity is needed. Not sure if you'll have enough air flow through the fan? Are all air exits filtered?

    • 3 anni fa
    1. sami3008
      sami3008
      • 3 anni fa

      Hi,
      1) I will add another valve to control the air flow going to the filter and the air flow going to the fan
      2) Are all air exits filtered? There are no exits. All the air is recycled

      • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Vinod, I think the NR valves are redundant as the cam controlled valves block the flow. Not sure about your flow , where does CO2 rich air exit and fresh air enter?

    • 3 anni fa
    1. vinodnicolas
      vinodnicolas
      • 3 anni fa

      1. although cams control the flow, the gas between the mouthpiece and the cam controlled value is subjected to confusion. So there the NRV act as the very first mouthpiece control. 2. The CO2 rich air moves from the exhale NRV to the antioxidants solution bath with activated charcoal. There the carbon content gets removed to maximum and the virus content is controlled. Then, from that point, the carbonless gas and required atmospheric air are circulated to the vacuum suction of the vacuum cleaner.

      • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Cosmin, I like the compact geometry and the idea to have the rotating valve inside is new. You need to add a HEPA filter somewhere and figure out how to flow the air so that 1. it circulates therough the filter (one advantage of the high flow vacuum pump is that we can filter the air many times.) Also any air exiting must be filtered through a small filter (perhaps a P100 filter from a painting mask)

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Mohamed SM entry 19: Great basic geometry! Make even smaller by 1) remove the labyrinth and instead have air in next to the air out, put side supports for a HEPA filter or two , grid support for some stainless wire mesh or similar (to hold water from drip feed valve above), 2) add needle valve and connector for water, 3) build the flows from the two pressure control valves back to the outlet into the lid. See ideas picture in files

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Try to have the correct gear ratio for your design and the correct air flow to the fan. For example: average vacuum cleaner cfm is 50-100 (1.4-2.8m3/min), typical 40mm CPU cooling fans run at 4500rpm and about 4-5cfm. If we assume that we can easily use our excess supply of cfm to get the fan up to 4500 rpm and at that speed we want the max breathing rate of 30/min, then our reduction ratio should be 150:1 so perhaps 3 dual gears with 55 teeth outside and 10 teeth inside. The gear can have the hole cut for the air passage and that way the same mould can be used for gears and the valve. If you don't have time to change your gears and fan to be logical, don't worry but at least think about and desacribe how the correct ratio will fit inside your design.

    • 3 anni fa
    1. sami3008
      sami3008
      • 3 anni fa

      1) I will update the design and change the correct gear ratio. Do you have any preference for gear module ? it will may be have an effect on the molding.
      2) Is it Ok for the fan position, or should I move it to the other wall (the gears wall), I chose this position because I wanted to isolate the gears from the rest of the system ?
      3) Is it Ok for the PEEP valves ?

      • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Thanks Mohamed SM for an improved design. I will comment later once I've woken up properly: Hi everybody, I haven't finifhed yet, but since we only have one day left, I wanted to share with some ideas to help you go ahead faster, 1) I reduced the dimensions of the system 25*23*9 cm instead of 40*30*20 2) Gears are between two walls and are isolated from the rest of the system 3) I added two PEEP valves, one for the low pressure and one for the high pressure which will work as a safety valve 4) A small PVC standard valve is used to adjust low pressure 5) I integrated the filters in the main body, it avoids adding a lower part, I used the CHUWI Robot vacuum V3 80*40*15mm filter, I chosed to use two stages of filtration (it could be less or more depending on filter efficiency), the filters are maintained by metal grid. 6) Low pressure zone and the vaccum zone are completely separated. There is just a safety valve if the passage is blocked. Waiting for your feedbacks/comments.

    • 3 anni fa
    1. sami3008
      sami3008
      • 3 anni fa

      Hello, Ok thanks, waiting for your comments :-) what are the things to be improved.
      1) Is it Ok for the fan position, or should I move it to the other wall (the gears wall), I chose this position because I wanted to isolate the gears from the rest of the system

      • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Please ensure you include renderings from all angles so I can see the complete design. Also have at least one labelled drawing with comment explaining how everything works and/or a brief description explaining how everything works, why your layout or component choice is better (simpler, cheaper, safer, more robust) than other designs.

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    1) Should we maintain the button for CPAP ? since you said that the system will be used as BIPAP ? It will do both
    2) For the HEPA filter, do you think that using only one 80*40*15 mm filter (CHUWI Robot vacuum V3) is OK ? A second sheet filter can be added if needed (thin, easy to add if a few mm extra height. Most air will be filtered many times before reaching the patient. Think of the flow rate of the vacuum fan vs needed flow.
    3) It is rather a comment, I was taking a shower then I used the hair dryer and then I figure out that it can be used also for the ventilator (instead of the cleaner). Hair dryers have more regular sizes, so it could an other solution, what do you think ? This was also one of my initial ideas but they gave much cheaper motors which don’t last long and no built-in filters.

    • 3 anni fa
  • sami3008
    sami3008
    • 3 anni fa

    Hi, my first design is 40*30*20 cm, I didn't take into consideration the 3D printing, is it too big ? should I continue with the same design or change it and create a smaleer one ? Thanks

    • 3 anni fa
    1. derekrwhite3
      Titolare del Concorso
      • 3 anni fa

      Just shrink it if you can to fit the various parts you choose to use. Not everything should be custom as existing parts are faster and often cheaper.

      • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Another good entry from Ahmad (pictures added to files): Hi Ahmad, some more improvements, thanks. The walls should all be thinner to reduce the time and cost of 3D printing. Make it only as strong as it needs to be to withstand 50cm H2O pressures and not break if dropped. Have you based the overall size on a common HEPA filter for the bottom? Which one? There are some common robotic vacuum HEPA filters (eg. irobot 800/900: 11cm x 5.4cm x 1.3cm or Miele SF filters: Length: 180mm x 80mm x 28mm.) Add a transparent window and markings on the rotating valve so that users can see the valve position. Add a simple spring-loaded rod or switch with hook above rotating valve or fan to catch valve/fan to stop rotation

    • 3 anni fa
    1. derekrwhite3
      Titolare del Concorso
      • 3 anni fa

      For a basic CPAP mode where there is constant air pressure. Rotating valve will give BiPAP which will have two pressures (inhale/exhale)

      • 3 anni fa
    2. qhaliffzuber
      qhaliffzuber
      • 3 anni fa

      oh, the mechanism is added into the design in the last entry, see entry #13 where I install a cam at the side of the valve. Push the cam from its resting position and rotate it to the disc valve to follow along the valve path and disrupt the rotation when it sticks into the disc valve hole. the mechanism is there also in entry #16 but I did not focus on it as it has been specified in the last entry. Sorry for the confusion!

      • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    My first questions will be how big is it? How much 3D printing material does it use, what common filter fits inside it. The size of vacuum outlets and common HEPA filters will determine the length and width. The choice of common fan and gears will determine the height. Inlets and outlets will be based on standard vacuum cleaner hoses and medical ventilation hoses/connections.

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Don't waste the last day on cosmetics unless you are sure your design is clever and better than my original designs in one or more ways. If you design is not clever in solving the problem or you have not challenged our collective assumptions, it does not add value. Clever geometry, improved safety or simplicity to make and operate, good sources of standard parts--- these add value :-)

    • 3 anni fa
  • MSCreationAMore
    MSCreationAMore
    • 3 anni fa

    Hi, please can you provided a real picture of safe valve ASAP I almost done with the final design

    • 3 anni fa
    1. derekrwhite3
      Titolare del Concorso
      • 3 anni fa

      No need Mohamed. There is no time to design one from scratch so just put a hole where it goes or use the Panda valve or any you find online (eg. grabcad or 3D warehouse.) The design will be same or similar to a check valve (non-return valve)

      • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    The PEEP vent outlet could have a common P100 respirator filter plugged into it to catch any airborne virus

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    ... 6. The valve from the low pressure side to the vacuum side will only be used to suction out a blocked passage

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Is the PEEP valve no longer installed between the positive pressure zone and the negative pressure zone?
    should the design be changed by putting the PEEP valve between the positive pressure area and the outside via a filter? I'm open to suggestions here. The issues are 1. we need to be able to adjust the PEEP pressure so it is easier to have it outside. 2. if it is between the high and low pressure side then it needs to be a more complex and expensive pressure regulating valve. 3. if it vent to the outside (filter) then it can be a simple valve that opens when the set pressure is reached. 4. we still need a flow of air into the low pressure side but this can be a small, simple manual valve which fills the low pressure side. 5. the PEEP valve to the outside is also a safety valve and will ensure no over-pressure on that side (the high pressure side would still need a safety valve.

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Please be aware that the design has progressed in the last week. We cannot vent air into the room due to the airborne virus. A little air will leak but most air will recirculate via the bypass valve and the exiting air will come out the adjustable PEEP valve and then be filtered (hose to a filter or filter attached at the PEEP valve.

    • 3 anni fa
    1. sami3008
      sami3008
      • 3 anni fa

      Is the PEEP valve no longer installed between the positive pressure zone and the negative pressure zone?
      should the design be changed by putting the PEEP valve between the positive pressure area and the outside via a filter?

      • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    If you don't finish or you don't win but I like you idea, I will pay for the drawings/files once finished. Two days is enough to show me your ideas. Beautiful drawings are not the main criterion, best ideas for solving the problem simply and effectively is what counts. I will probably have a second competition to refine the best design.

    • 3 anni fa
  • mridulmaheshwari
    mridulmaheshwari
    • 3 anni fa

    please #extended for some more time

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    The HEPA filter should be replaced every 2-3 months.
    Can effectively filter the air of cigarette smoke and dust.
    Inhibit and kill E.coli to reduce the breeding of bacteria in the filter, thus purifying the air and making the air cleaner.
    To protect the machine parts are not damaged.
    Compatible with:
    CHUWI Robot vacuum V3
    CHUWI Robot V3+vacuum cleaner
    CHUWI Robot vacuum cleaner V5 (CW310)
    CHUWI vacuum cleaner Robot V5 PRO
    Description:
    Filter Elements for ILIFE V5 V5s V3 Robot Vacuum Cleaner Replacement Parts, you deserve it!
    Specifications:
    Size: 80*40*15mm
    Color: white

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Compatible with Ecovacs Deebot DG710
    The sponge has a potent effect on filtering particulate, such as cigarette smoke, pollen, dust and other particles which reaches up to 99.97%
    To keep your vacuum operating at peak performance,Please change vacuum attachment every 1-3 months
    Package Includes: 1 x HEPA Filter
    Specifications:
    Color: Black
    Material: Cloth+Plastic
    Size:142*53*19cm
    Weight:38g

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Description:
    Suitable For chuwi ilife A4 A4s A6.
    Specifications:
    Material: plastic+sponge
    Size: 135*50*10mm
    Color: white&black
    Package included:
    1x Filter for ilife A4 A4s A6 T4

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    Found a few low-cost HEPA filters which we could use in the bottom. Does anyone have other suggestions for the bottom filter (when a fan is used instead of a vacuum cleaner.)

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/Silicone-Double-Filter-Gas-Mask-Painting-Spraying-Facepiece-Respirator-Eyeable/223963488095

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    BIPAP will probably the most common use of the device. How about using the lower or negative pressure of the exhale cycle to pull a valve in the mask and divert exhaled air to the filters in the mask? The mask filters will take out most/all virus. Alternatively we use two hoses to mask and filter exhaled air in the device

    https://www.aastweb.org/blog/bipap-biphasic-positive-airway-pressure-vs.-cpap-therapy

    Here is a basic type of mask we could adapt (better filter cloth, add inlet and valve...)

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    If there are some parts that are better 3D printed please suggest these. Bear in mind the strength and porosity of many 3D methods and their rough surface is hard to disinfect

    • 3 anni fa
  • derekrwhite3
    Titolare del Concorso
    • 3 anni fa

    mechanical triggering of the venting is probably overkill. The opening of the rotating valve and subsequent exhale should slightly increase the low pressure side and push the PeeP valve open.

    • 3 anni fa
    1. qhaliffzuber
      qhaliffzuber
      • 3 anni fa

      I second this, triggering the ventilation through cam or similar mechanism seems to complex. Probably as you mention, the difference in pressure is enough to push the peep valve open

      • 3 anni fa

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